In 2018, AAI drilled and cased three 4-inch-diameter holes in the sandstone and limestone roof at the Maiden Rock frac sand mine for backfilling. The holes were oriented approximately 60 degrees above horizontal and reached between 60 and 80 feet deep. The holes were cased with steel and each fitted with a specially fabricated wireline and pulley system and collar clamp able to hoist and retain a 3-inch-diameter soft rubber backfill hose inside the casing. Air Pump Enterprises, Inc. was subcontracted to place dry sand backfill through the hoses using Air Pump’s proprietary injection technology.